Significance testing consists of defining a rejection region, and rejecting if the data is in that region. The size of the region is its α value. If two different regions are different shapes, then even if one is smaller than the other, there can be places that are inside the smaller one but not in the larger one.
Dave’s answer explains that KS tests many different attributes, such as mean, variance, and multimodality. Suppose we restrict our attention to just mean and variance. We can then represent the sample on a two-dimensional plot, with one, say, differences in mean being the horizontal dimension and difference in variance being vertical:

The F-test 的拒绝区域(蓝色)是该空间中的两条水平带:如果方差差异过大或过负,则拒绝零。KS 测试的拒绝区域(绿色)是(经过一些简化)一个环:在任何方向上离原点太远的任何东西都将被拒绝。我们可以(再次,通过一些简化)认为每个都有一个“半径”,并且该半径之外的任何内容都会导致 null 被拒绝。但对于F-test,只有垂直距离x- 轴被考虑,而与原点的距离被考虑用于 KS 测试。
如果两者相同α,那么由于 KS 考虑两个维度,因此它的半径必须更大。因此,如果您的样本的均值差异很小,而方差差异略大于F-test’s “radius”, then it will be within the KS radius.